BODY TYPES

No two human bodies are exactly the same. Even though we all have the same make up or basic equipment, there are many subtle and sometimes not-so-subtle differences. One of these differences is somatotyping (body typing), first investigated by W.H. Sheldon in 1954. Sheldon proposed three body types based on what he believed to be the predominant type of body tissue: endomorph, mesomorph, and ectomorph. According to Sheldon, the endomorph has mostly endocrine tissue; the mesomorph has mostly connective tissue, and the ectomorph has a predominance of nerve tissue. The relative proportion of tissue and the relative efficiency of functioning vary dramatically from one body type to another. In theory, these three somatotypes are separate and distinct, yet in realistic application there is considerable overlapping. It is rare, if at all possible to find an individual who is predominantly endomorph, mesomorph, or ectomorph. Most individuals tend toward one body type but also have to some degree, characteristics of one, or both the other body types. For more detail, in-depth detail on this matter, look in the reference section.

Other issues of body type that could effect one’s training program could be; gender differences, physical maturity, aging and individual biomechanical factors in relation to designing and implementing any training program.

The issues presented here are very diverse and demand more attention than allowed at this time. Every area demands the attention of both the professional (coach, trainer, et al), and athlete, before a training program is selected specifically for one’s needs. Thus, giving attention to the unique characteristics of each participant in able to design and administer the most effective training program for that individual.

Knowing your body type, understanding your body type and the possible advantages or limitations; may help you select training exercises that can work towards your strengths, and/or help you improve any area of possible limitations. Through body typing and knowing what level your body is capable of performing at, or not; a realization of these factor(s) and accepting your limits, fully understanding them, can ultimately give you an advantage in selecting a training program that is right for you.