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Plyometrics is defined as exercises that enable a muscle to reach maximum
strength in as short a time as possible. Such exercises usually involve
some form of jumping, but other modes of exercise exist for the upper
body. They would include, for example; medicine ball throws, catches,
and several types of push-ups. Plyometric exercises utilize the force
of gravity to enable the muscle to reach maximum strength as quickly as
possible. The force of gravity stores energy in the muscles, potential
energy (e.g. stepping off a box). This energy is then utilized immediately
in an opposite reaction (e.g., immediately jumping upon landing), thus
allowing the muscle to reach maximum strength in as short of time as possible.
The ability to rapidly apply force (reactive force) is the major goal
of plyometric training. Plyometrics are used to apply an overload to the
muscles with speed-strength as a goal. Speed-strength is the ability to
exert maximal force during high-speed movements. All sports, in one form
or another, require a need for speed-strength, some more than others.
Plyometric training should not be considered and end in itself, but part of an overall program. Resistance training is the ideal counterpart of plyometric training, for it helps prepare the muscles for the rapid impact loading of plyometric exercises. After the athlete has begun a proper strength and conditioning program, plyometrics are used to develop speed-strength.
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